What is the function of osteoclasts in bone metabolism?

Osteoclasts play a crucial role in bone metabolism by breaking down bone tissue. This process is known as bone resorption, where osteoclasts dissolve the mineral components of bone and help in the remodeling and maintenance of healthy bone structure. By breaking down old or damaged bone, osteoclasts facilitate the replacement of bone tissue, which is essential for maintaining bone health and integrity.

In addition to their role in bone resorption, osteoclasts also contribute to the regulation of calcium levels in the body. When they resorb bone, they release calcium and phosphorus into the bloodstream, thus influencing overall mineral homeostasis. This function is vital for various physiological processes, including muscle contraction and nerve signaling.

The other roles mentioned, such as forming new bone or storing minerals, are primarily performed by other cells like osteoblasts and osteocytes. Osteoblasts are responsible for building new bone, while osteocytes help in the maintenance and signaling of bone health. Therefore, the distinction of osteoclasts as the primary agents of bone breakdown makes option C the correct answer.